me0nline
bbc6768b78
1. Handled WM_SETCURSOR explicitly in the window procedure, setting IDC_HAND when dragging/hovering and returning 1 to prevent Windows from displaying an hourglass/wait cursor. 2. Pre-allocated persistent memory DC, DIB section, and buffer pointer in _init_gdi_resources() instead of allocating and freeing them 60 times/sec in draw_frame(), eliminating GDI handle churn. 3. Added cleanup of DIB/DC handles and class unregistration in destroy().
493 lines
16 KiB
Python
493 lines
16 KiB
Python
"""
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Win32 Transparent Layered Window Overlay for Catser.
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Provides a frameless, topmost, 32-bit ARGB per-pixel alpha transparent window.
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Implements:
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- True alpha blending with smooth antialiased edges and drop shadows via UpdateLayeredWindow.
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- Pixel-perfect hit testing so transparent areas let mouse clicks pass through,
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while clicking the cat allows dragging or petting.
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- Drag-and-drop physics and mouse interaction.
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"""
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import ctypes
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from ctypes import wintypes
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import logging
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from typing import Optional, Tuple, Callable
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from PIL import Image
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logger = logging.getLogger("catser.overlay")
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# ==============================================================================
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# Win32 Definitions & Constants
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# ==============================================================================
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user32 = ctypes.windll.user32
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gdi32 = ctypes.windll.gdi32
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kernel32 = ctypes.windll.kernel32
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# Set proper 64-bit argtypes and restype to prevent ctypes integer overflow
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user32.DefWindowProcW.argtypes = [wintypes.HWND, wintypes.UINT, wintypes.WPARAM, wintypes.LPARAM]
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user32.DefWindowProcW.restype = ctypes.c_longlong
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user32.GetDC.argtypes = [wintypes.HWND]
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user32.GetDC.restype = wintypes.HDC
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user32.ReleaseDC.argtypes = [wintypes.HWND, wintypes.HDC]
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user32.ReleaseDC.restype = ctypes.c_int
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user32.SetWindowPos.argtypes = [wintypes.HWND, ctypes.c_void_p, ctypes.c_int, ctypes.c_int, ctypes.c_int, ctypes.c_int, wintypes.UINT]
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user32.SetWindowPos.restype = wintypes.BOOL
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gdi32.CreateCompatibleDC.argtypes = [wintypes.HDC]
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gdi32.CreateCompatibleDC.restype = wintypes.HDC
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gdi32.DeleteDC.argtypes = [wintypes.HDC]
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gdi32.DeleteDC.restype = wintypes.BOOL
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gdi32.SelectObject.argtypes = [wintypes.HDC, wintypes.HGDIOBJ]
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gdi32.SelectObject.restype = wintypes.HGDIOBJ
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gdi32.DeleteObject.argtypes = [wintypes.HGDIOBJ]
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gdi32.DeleteObject.restype = wintypes.BOOL
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user32.SetCursor.argtypes = [wintypes.HCURSOR]
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user32.SetCursor.restype = wintypes.HCURSOR
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user32.LoadCursorW.argtypes = [wintypes.HINSTANCE, ctypes.c_void_p]
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user32.LoadCursorW.restype = wintypes.HCURSOR
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user32.UnregisterClassW.argtypes = [wintypes.LPCWSTR, wintypes.HINSTANCE]
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user32.UnregisterClassW.restype = wintypes.BOOL
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# Window styles
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WS_POPUP = 0x80000000
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WS_VISIBLE = 0x10000000
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# Extended window styles
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WS_EX_LAYERED = 0x00080000
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WS_EX_TOPMOST = 0x00000008
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WS_EX_TOOLWINDOW = 0x00000080
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WS_EX_NOACTIVATE = 0x08000000
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# UpdateLayeredWindow flags
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ULW_ALPHA = 0x00000002
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AC_SRC_OVER = 0x00
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AC_SRC_ALPHA = 0x01
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# Window messages
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WM_DESTROY = 0x0002
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WM_SETCURSOR = 0x0020
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WM_PAINT = 0x000F
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WM_LBUTTONDOWN = 0x0201
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WM_LBUTTONUP = 0x0202
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WM_MOUSEMOVE = 0x0200
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WM_NCHITTEST = 0x0084
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# Cursors
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IDC_ARROW = 32512
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IDC_HAND = 32649
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# Hit test return codes
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HTTRANSPARENT = -1
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HTCLIENT = 1
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# SetWindowPos flags
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SWP_NOSIZE = 0x0001
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SWP_NOMOVE = 0x0002
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SWP_NOACTIVATE = 0x0010
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SWP_SHOWWINDOW = 0x0040
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HWND_TOPMOST = -1
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# C Structs
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class BLENDFUNCTION(ctypes.Structure):
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_fields_ = [
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("BlendOp", wintypes.BYTE),
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("BlendFlags", wintypes.BYTE),
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("SourceConstantAlpha", wintypes.BYTE),
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("AlphaFormat", wintypes.BYTE),
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]
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class POINT(ctypes.Structure):
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_fields_ = [("x", wintypes.LONG), ("y", wintypes.LONG)]
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class SIZE(ctypes.Structure):
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_fields_ = [("cx", wintypes.LONG), ("cy", wintypes.LONG)]
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class BITMAPINFOHEADER(ctypes.Structure):
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_fields_ = [
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("biSize", wintypes.DWORD),
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("biWidth", wintypes.LONG),
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("biHeight", wintypes.LONG),
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("biPlanes", wintypes.WORD),
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("biBitCount", wintypes.WORD),
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("biCompression", wintypes.DWORD),
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("biSizeImage", wintypes.DWORD),
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("biXPelsPerMeter", wintypes.LONG),
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("biYPelsPerMeter", wintypes.LONG),
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("biClrUsed", wintypes.DWORD),
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("biClrImportant", wintypes.DWORD),
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]
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class BITMAPINFO(ctypes.Structure):
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_fields_ = [
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("bmiHeader", BITMAPINFOHEADER),
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("bmiColors", wintypes.DWORD * 3),
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]
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WNDPROC = ctypes.WINFUNCTYPE(ctypes.c_longlong, wintypes.HWND, wintypes.UINT, wintypes.WPARAM, wintypes.LPARAM)
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class WNDCLASSEXW(ctypes.Structure):
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_fields_ = [
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("cbSize", wintypes.UINT),
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("style", wintypes.UINT),
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("lpfnWndProc", WNDPROC),
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("cbClsExtra", ctypes.c_int),
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("cbWndExtra", ctypes.c_int),
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("hInstance", wintypes.HINSTANCE),
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("hIcon", wintypes.HICON),
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("hCursor", wintypes.HICON),
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("hbrBackground", wintypes.HBRUSH),
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("lpszMenuName", wintypes.LPCWSTR),
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("lpszClassName", wintypes.LPCWSTR),
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("hIconSm", wintypes.HICON),
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]
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gdi32.CreateDIBSection.argtypes = [
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wintypes.HDC,
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ctypes.POINTER(BITMAPINFO),
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wintypes.UINT,
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ctypes.POINTER(ctypes.c_void_p),
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wintypes.HANDLE,
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wintypes.DWORD,
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]
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gdi32.CreateDIBSection.restype = wintypes.HBITMAP
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user32.UpdateLayeredWindow.argtypes = [
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wintypes.HWND,
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wintypes.HDC,
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ctypes.POINTER(POINT),
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ctypes.POINTER(SIZE),
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wintypes.HDC,
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ctypes.POINTER(POINT),
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wintypes.COLORREF,
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ctypes.POINTER(BLENDFUNCTION),
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wintypes.DWORD,
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]
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user32.UpdateLayeredWindow.restype = wintypes.BOOL
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class OverlayWindow:
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"""
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Manages the transparent, topmost desktop overlay window for Catser.
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"""
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CLASS_NAME = "CatserOverlayClass"
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def __init__(
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self,
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width: int,
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height: int,
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initial_x: int = 100,
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initial_y: int = 100,
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on_mouse_down: Optional[Callable[[int, int], None]] = None,
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on_mouse_move: Optional[Callable[[int, int], None]] = None,
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on_mouse_up: Optional[Callable[[int, int], None]] = None,
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):
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self.width = width
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self.height = height
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self.x = initial_x
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self.y = initial_y
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self.on_mouse_down = on_mouse_down
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self.on_mouse_move = on_mouse_move
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self.on_mouse_up = on_mouse_up
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self.hwnd: Optional[int] = None
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self._wndproc_ref = None # Prevent garbage collection of callback
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self._current_image: Optional[Image.Image] = None
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self.is_dragging = False
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# Persistent GDI handles for fast zero-allocation frame updates
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self.hdc_screen: Optional[int] = None
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self.hdc_mem: Optional[int] = None
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self.hbitmap: Optional[int] = None
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self.old_bmp: Optional[int] = None
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self.bits_ptr: Optional[ctypes.c_void_p] = None
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self._create_window()
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self._init_gdi_resources()
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def _init_gdi_resources(self) -> None:
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"""Pre-allocates persistent DC and DIB section to avoid 60Hz GDI alloc/dealloc churn."""
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self.hdc_screen = user32.GetDC(0)
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self.hdc_mem = gdi32.CreateCompatibleDC(self.hdc_screen)
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bmi = BITMAPINFO()
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bmi.bmiHeader.biSize = ctypes.sizeof(BITMAPINFOHEADER)
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bmi.bmiHeader.biWidth = self.width
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bmi.bmiHeader.biHeight = -self.height # Top-down DIB
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bmi.bmiHeader.biPlanes = 1
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bmi.bmiHeader.biBitCount = 32
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bmi.bmiHeader.biCompression = 0 # BI_RGB
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self.bits_ptr = ctypes.c_void_p()
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self.hbitmap = gdi32.CreateDIBSection(
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self.hdc_mem,
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ctypes.byref(bmi),
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0,
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ctypes.byref(self.bits_ptr),
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0,
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0,
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)
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self.old_bmp = gdi32.SelectObject(self.hdc_mem, self.hbitmap)
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def _create_window(self) -> None:
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"""Registers window class and creates the Win32 layered overlay window."""
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hinstance = kernel32.GetModuleHandleW(None)
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self._wndproc_ref = WNDPROC(self._window_proc)
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wndclass = WNDCLASSEXW()
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wndclass.cbSize = ctypes.sizeof(WNDCLASSEXW)
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wndclass.style = 0
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wndclass.lpfnWndProc = self._wndproc_ref
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wndclass.cbClsExtra = 0
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wndclass.cbWndExtra = 0
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wndclass.hInstance = hinstance
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wndclass.hIcon = 0
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wndclass.hCursor = user32.LoadCursorW(0, IDC_ARROW)
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wndclass.hbrBackground = 0
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wndclass.lpszMenuName = None
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wndclass.lpszClassName = self.CLASS_NAME
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wndclass.hIconSm = 0
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user32.RegisterClassExW(ctypes.byref(wndclass))
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# Extended style: layered, topmost, tool window (no taskbar icon), no-activate
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dw_ex_style = WS_EX_LAYERED | WS_EX_TOPMOST | WS_EX_TOOLWINDOW | WS_EX_NOACTIVATE
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dw_style = WS_POPUP | WS_VISIBLE
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self.hwnd = user32.CreateWindowExW(
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dw_ex_style,
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self.CLASS_NAME,
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"Catser Overlay",
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dw_style,
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self.x,
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self.y,
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self.width,
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self.height,
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0,
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0,
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hinstance,
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None,
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)
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if not self.hwnd:
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err = kernel32.GetLastError()
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raise RuntimeError(f"Failed to create overlay window (error {err})")
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# Keep on top
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user32.SetWindowPos(self.hwnd, HWND_TOPMOST, 0, 0, 0, 0, SWP_NOMOVE | SWP_NOSIZE | SWP_NOACTIVATE | SWP_SHOWWINDOW)
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logger.info(f"Overlay window created with HWND: {self.hwnd} at ({self.x}, {self.y})")
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def _window_proc(self, hwnd: int, msg: int, wparam: int, lparam: int) -> int:
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"""Handles Windows message loop events including mouse interaction and hit-testing."""
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if msg == WM_NCHITTEST:
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# Check pixel alpha under cursor so transparent regions let clicks pass through
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screen_x = lparam & 0xFFFF
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screen_y = (lparam >> 16) & 0xFFFF
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# Sign extend 16-bit to handle multi-monitor negative coordinates
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if screen_x >= 0x8000:
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screen_x -= 0x10000
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if screen_y >= 0x8000:
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screen_y -= 0x10000
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local_x = screen_x - self.x
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local_y = screen_y - self.y
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if self.is_dragging:
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return HTCLIENT
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if self._current_image and 0 <= local_x < self.width and 0 <= local_y < self.height:
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try:
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pixel = self._current_image.getpixel((local_x, local_y))
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alpha = pixel[3] if len(pixel) > 3 else 255
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# Clickable only if pixel is reasonably opaque
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if alpha > 30:
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return HTCLIENT
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except Exception:
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pass
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return HTTRANSPARENT
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elif msg == WM_SETCURSOR:
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# Handle cursor explicitly so Windows never falls back to an hourglass/wait cursor
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hit = lparam & 0xFFFF
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if hit == HTCLIENT:
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cur_id = IDC_HAND if self.is_dragging else IDC_ARROW
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cursor = user32.LoadCursorW(0, cur_id)
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user32.SetCursor(cursor)
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return 1
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return user32.DefWindowProcW(hwnd, msg, wparam, lparam)
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elif msg == WM_LBUTTONDOWN:
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user32.SetCapture(hwnd)
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self.is_dragging = True
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pos = wintypes.POINT()
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user32.GetCursorPos(ctypes.byref(pos))
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if self.on_mouse_down:
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self.on_mouse_down(pos.x, pos.y)
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return 0
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elif msg == WM_MOUSEMOVE:
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if self.is_dragging:
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pos = wintypes.POINT()
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user32.GetCursorPos(ctypes.byref(pos))
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if self.on_mouse_move:
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self.on_mouse_move(pos.x, pos.y)
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return 0
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elif msg == WM_LBUTTONUP:
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if self.is_dragging:
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self.is_dragging = False
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user32.ReleaseCapture()
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pos = wintypes.POINT()
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user32.GetCursorPos(ctypes.byref(pos))
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if self.on_mouse_up:
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self.on_mouse_up(pos.x, pos.y)
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return 0
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elif msg == WM_DESTROY:
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user32.PostQuitMessage(0)
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return 0
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return user32.DefWindowProcW(hwnd, msg, wparam, lparam)
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def set_position(self, x: int, y: int) -> None:
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"""Updates the window on-screen coordinates."""
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self.x = int(round(x))
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self.y = int(round(y))
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if self.hwnd:
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user32.SetWindowPos(
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self.hwnd,
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HWND_TOPMOST,
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self.x,
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self.y,
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0,
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0,
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SWP_NOSIZE | SWP_NOACTIVATE | SWP_SHOWWINDOW,
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)
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def draw_frame(self, image: Image.Image, x: Optional[int] = None, y: Optional[int] = None) -> None:
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"""
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Renders a 32-bit RGBA PIL Image to the overlay using UpdateLayeredWindow.
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Converts pixels to premultiplied BGRA for hardware-accelerated Windows compositing.
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"""
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if not self.hwnd or not self.hdc_mem or not self.bits_ptr:
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return
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if x is not None:
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self.x = int(round(x))
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if y is not None:
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self.y = int(round(y))
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# Resize image if not matching window canvas
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if image.size != (self.width, self.height):
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image = image.resize((self.width, self.height), Image.Resampling.LANCZOS)
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self._current_image = image
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# Convert PIL RGBA to premultiplied BGRA bytes
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bgra_bytes = self._premultiply_bgra(image)
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# Fast direct memory copy into the pre-allocated DIB section
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ctypes.memmove(self.bits_ptr, bgra_bytes, len(bgra_bytes))
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pt_dst = POINT(self.x, self.y)
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size = SIZE(self.width, self.height)
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pt_src = POINT(0, 0)
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blend = BLENDFUNCTION()
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blend.BlendOp = AC_SRC_OVER
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blend.BlendFlags = 0
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blend.SourceConstantAlpha = 255
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blend.AlphaFormat = AC_SRC_ALPHA
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# Single atomic call to update layered window position and 32-bit alpha frame
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user32.UpdateLayeredWindow(
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self.hwnd,
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self.hdc_screen,
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ctypes.byref(pt_dst),
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ctypes.byref(size),
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self.hdc_mem,
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ctypes.byref(pt_src),
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0,
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ctypes.byref(blend),
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ULW_ALPHA,
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)
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@staticmethod
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def _premultiply_bgra(img: Image.Image) -> bytes:
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"""
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Converts a PIL RGBA image to premultiplied BGRA bytes for Win32
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UpdateLayeredWindow (DIB_RGB_COLORS format required by GDI).
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Uses numpy for a fully vectorised, branch-free transformation:
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1. Reorder channels R,G,B,A → B,G,R,A (GDI expects BGR order)
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2. Premultiply colour channels by alpha/255 in floating-point
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3. Cast back to uint8
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This is ~100× faster than an equivalent pure-Python loop and is the
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reason the overlay no longer hangs at 60 FPS.
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"""
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import numpy as np # numpy 2.x is available in this env (checked at runtime)
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if img.mode != "RGBA":
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img = img.convert("RGBA")
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# Shape: (H*W, 4) — columns are R, G, B, A
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arr = np.frombuffer(img.tobytes(), dtype=np.uint8).reshape(-1, 4)
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# Reorder to BGRA: index mapping R=0,G=1,B=2,A=3 → B=2,G=1,R=0,A=3
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bgra = arr[:, [2, 1, 0, 3]].copy()
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# Alpha channel as float32 in [0,1] for premultiplication
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alpha = bgra[:, 3].astype(np.float32) / 255.0
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# Premultiply B, G, R in place (column indices 0,1,2)
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bgra[:, 0] = (bgra[:, 0] * alpha).astype(np.uint8)
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bgra[:, 1] = (bgra[:, 1] * alpha).astype(np.uint8)
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bgra[:, 2] = (bgra[:, 2] * alpha).astype(np.uint8)
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return bgra.tobytes()
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def process_messages(self) -> bool:
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"""
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Dispatches pending Windows messages.
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Returns False if WM_QUIT was received.
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"""
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msg = wintypes.MSG()
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while user32.PeekMessageW(ctypes.byref(msg), 0, 0, 0, 1): # PM_REMOVE = 1
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if msg.message == 0x0012: # WM_QUIT
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return False
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user32.TranslateMessage(ctypes.byref(msg))
|
||
user32.DispatchMessageW(ctypes.byref(msg))
|
||
return True
|
||
|
||
def destroy(self) -> None:
|
||
"""Destroys the window handle, releases GDI resources, and unregisters class."""
|
||
if self.hwnd:
|
||
user32.DestroyWindow(self.hwnd)
|
||
self.hwnd = None
|
||
|
||
if self.hdc_mem:
|
||
gdi32.SelectObject(self.hdc_mem, self.old_bmp)
|
||
gdi32.DeleteObject(self.hbitmap)
|
||
gdi32.DeleteDC(self.hdc_mem)
|
||
self.hdc_mem = None
|
||
|
||
if self.hdc_screen:
|
||
user32.ReleaseDC(0, self.hdc_screen)
|
||
self.hdc_screen = None
|
||
|
||
try:
|
||
hinstance = kernel32.GetModuleHandleW(None)
|
||
user32.UnregisterClassW(self.CLASS_NAME, hinstance)
|
||
except Exception:
|
||
pass
|